Sunday, July 30, 2017

1940: Rebecca

The 13th film to win the Best Picture Oscar was 1940's "Rebecca," produced by Selznick International Pictures.  It also won Best Black and White Cinematography (George Barnes), and was nominated for Best Director (Alfred Hitchcock), Best Actor (Laurence Olivier), Best Actress (Joan Fontaine), Best Supporting Actress (Judith Anderson), Best Adapted Screenplay (Robert E. Sherwood and Joan Harrison), Best Film Editing (Hal C. Kern), Best Original Score (Franz Waxman), Best Black and White Art Direction (Lyle R. Wheeler), and Best Special Effects (Jack Cosgrove and Arthur Johns).

The film begins in Monte Carlo, where society dowager Mrs. Van Hopper (Florence Bates) is vacationing with her paid companion (Joan Fontaine).  When the grieving widow Maxim de Winter (Laurence Olivier) meets the young companion, he begins to court her, and within a few weeks they have fallen in love and married.  Maxim takes the second Mrs. de Winter (she is never referred to by any other name) back to his palatial estate, Manderley, which is overseen by the icy housekeeper Mrs. Danvers (Judith Anderson).
Joan Fontaine and Florence Bates

Although she has been dead for a year, Maxim's first wife Rebecca's presence is everywhere.  He monogram is on nearly every item in the house, and Mrs. Danvers has preserved her bedroom and study as a sort of shrine.  Overwhelmed by her position as mistress of the estate, the second Mrs. De Winter begins to doubt her husband's love for her, convinced that he still deeply loves Rebecca.  Mrs. Danvers, for her part, adds fuel to those doubts by constantly talking about how beautiful, smart, and beloved Rebecca was.

Wanting to make her husband happy, the second Mrs. de Winter hosts a costume ball.  She decides to design her own costume and surprise Maxim with it.  Mrs. Danvers suggests she copy a gown worn by one of Maxim's ancestors in a portrait that hangs at Manderley.  This is indeed what the second Mrs. de Winter does, but when she makes her appearance at the ball, everyone is mortified: it's the same costume Rebecca had worn at the previous year's ball.  She confronts Mrs. Danvers who tells her she'll never be able to take Rebecca's place, and nearly convinces her to leap to her death.  But in that moment, a flare signals that a ship has hit the rocks, and everyone's attention is diverted to that situation.

During the rescue, another boat is discovered at the bottom of the sea: the sailboat Rebecca was on when she drowned.  And, despite Maxim having identified and buried another body in the family cemetery, Rebecca's body is also found on the boat.
Joan Fontaine, Laurence Olivier, and Judith Anderson

Joan Fontaine and Laurence Olivier
When the second Mrs. de Winter finds Maxim in the boathouse, he makes a confession to her: he mis-identified the body in order to hide the shocking truth:  he hated Rebecca.  She had informed him only days after their wedding that she had not intention of ending her wanton ways, and indeed continued to have affairs throughout their marriage.  Publicly, their marriage was seen a ideal, but privately it was a sham.  On the night that Rebecca died, she'd confronted Maxim with the news that she was pregnant with a child that wasn't his, and how delighted she was that her son would grow up to inherit Maxim's beloved Manderley.  During the argument that followed, Rebecca fell and hit her head, killing her instantly.  Maxim then
put her body on board the boat and scuttled it.

The ensuing investigation points to the idea that Rebecca had committed suicide by sabatoging her own boat.  But when the father of the child she'd been carrying, Jack Favell (George Sanders) produces a note written by Rebecca that dispels that notion, with which he attempts to blackmail Maxim.  Maxim notifies the police, and he is accused of murdering Rebecca.  Favell reveals that Rebecca had been seeing a doctor in London during her pregnancy.   When the doctor is interviewed, the full truth finally comes out: Rebecca was not in fact pregnant, but suffering from a late-stage cancer, with a prognosis of only months to live.  Her confrontation with Maxim had been an attempt to get him to murder her, as a passive form of suicide.

When the investigation is finally concluded, Maxim returns to Manderley, only to see it engulfed in flames.  The deranged Mrs. Danvers would rather see Manderely destroyed than to see Maxim and his wife happy there, so she burnt it to the ground.  The second Mrs. de Winter escapes the inferno, but Mrs. Danvers does not.  Although Manderley is forever gone, it is presumed that the de Winters lived happily ever after.

Thursday, July 27, 2017

1939: Gone With the Wind

The Best Picture Oscar for 1939 was awarded to "Gone With the Wind," produced by Selznick International Pictures and MGM. It set the record for most nominations and wins for one film.  The nominations include Best Actor (Clark Gable), Best Supporting Actress (Olivia deHavilland), Best Visual Effects (Jack Cosgrove, Fred Albin, and Arthur Johns), Best Original Score (Max Steiner), and Best Sound Recording (Thomas T. Moulton).  Wins include Best Actress (Vivien Leigh), Best Supporting Actress (Hattie McDaniel - the first African-American Oscar winner), Best Director (Victor Fleming), Best Adapted Screenplay (Sidney Howard), Best Color Cinematography (Ernest Haller and Ray Rennahan), Best Film Editing (Hal C. Kern and James E. Newcom), Best Art Direction (Lyle Wheeler), and two special achievement Oscars: outstanding achievement in the use of color for the enhancement of dramatic mood (William Cameron Menzies), and pioneering in the use of coordinated equipment (Don Musgrave and Selznick International Pictures).  Whew!  That's a lot of awards!

Since this blog is really just for my benefit, I'm not going to write much about this film, as I've seen it at least a dozen times, and it's already one of my all-time favorite movies.

Hattie McDaniel
Just one interesting note, though, that I only became aware of through this project:  Harry Davenport (Dr. Meade) appeared in three consecutive Best Picture Winners.  He was the Chief of Staff in "The Life of Emile Zola," and the Night Court Judge in "You Can't Take it With You."  How about that?




Vivien Leigh, Olivia deHavilland and Leslie Howard

Clark Gable and Vivien Leigh